Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Cayenne pepper, derived from the fruit of Capsicum annuum, contains the active compound capsaicin. Capsaicin is well-studied for its effects on the nervous system and mucous membranes. Its use in treating congestion is based on its ability to thin mucus and stimulate the nasal passages. When applied topically or ingested, capsaicin can induce a temporary burning sensation, which is followed by decreased sensitivity and relief of congestion. Some clinical studies suggest that capsaicin nasal sprays may reduce symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis, including nasal congestion, by desensitizing sensory neurons and reducing inflammation. However, these studies are relatively small and often involve short-term use. Additionally, cayenne's pungency can stimulate saliva and mucus production, which may help clear respiratory passages. Despite this, the evidence remains moderate, as larger, high-quality clinical trials are limited. Most guidelines do not formally recommend cayenne or capsaicin products for congestion due to variability in results and potential irritation. Nevertheless, both traditional uses and scientific studies point to a plausible mechanism of action for temporary relief of congestion. Individuals should use caution, as capsaicin can cause discomfort or irritation in sensitive individuals.

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