Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) and white pepper (also Piper nigrum, but with the outer layer removed) have been used in traditional systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), to relieve symptoms of congestion. The warming and irritating properties of pepper are believed to stimulate mucus flow and help clear nasal passages. Black pepper, in particular, is sometimes included in herbal blends or home remedies (e.g., mixed with honey or in steam inhalation) for colds and congestion. The active compound, piperine, may induce a mild irritant effect that increases salivation and mucus secretion, which could theoretically help clear blocked airways.

However, there is limited scientific evidence to validate the efficacy of black or white pepper in treating respiratory congestion. Most modern research on black pepper focuses on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and digestive properties rather than its use for congestion. Clinical studies specifically evaluating black or white pepper for nasal or chest congestion are lacking. The traditional use persists mainly due to anecdotal reports and cultural practices rather than robust clinical data. Therefore, while traditional use is well documented, the quality and quantity of supporting scientific evidence are low, meriting a rating of 2/5.

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