Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Resistant starch (RS) is a type of dietary fiber that resists digestion in the small intestine and reaches the colon, where it is fermented by gut microbiota. There is a growing body of scientific evidence suggesting that RS may have beneficial effects in the management of colitis, particularly in animal models and some preliminary human studies. The primary mechanism involves the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate, during fermentation. Butyrate serves as a crucial energy source for colonic epithelial cells, promotes mucosal integrity, and has anti-inflammatory properties. Several animal studies (using models of chemically induced colitis) have demonstrated that supplementation with resistant starch can reduce inflammation, improve mucosal healing, and enhance gut barrier function.

Human clinical trials are more limited but suggest promising effects. Some studies in patients with ulcerative colitis have shown that RS supplementation can increase fecal butyrate levels and reduce markers of inflammation. However, the evidence is not yet robust, with relatively small sample sizes and a need for standardized protocols. Current guidelines do not universally recommend RS for colitis, but its inclusion as part of a high-fiber diet is often suggested as a supportive measure.

Overall, scientific validation exists, especially from mechanistic and animal studies, with moderate but emerging clinical evidence in humans. More large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and determine optimal dosing in colitis patients.

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