Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lactococcus lactis has been investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in colitis, particularly in preclinical models. L. lactis is a lactic acid bacterium commonly used in the dairy industry, but certain strains have been genetically engineered or selected for their ability to deliver therapeutic proteins, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), directly to the gut mucosa. Several animal studies, especially in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis, have demonstrated that administration of L. lactis expressing IL-10 can reduce inflammation and ameliorate disease symptoms. The mechanism is thought to involve modulation of the immune response, enhancement of the mucosal barrier, and competitive exclusion of pathogenic bacteria.

There is also some evidence that non-engineered strains of L. lactis may exert modest anti-inflammatory effects by influencing gut microbiota composition or stimulating regulatory immune pathways. However, most of the robust evidence comes from animal models, and human clinical data are limited. A small number of early-phase clinical trials have tested L. lactis strains (including engineered varieties) in patients with IBD or ulcerative colitis, with some indications of safety and potential benefit, but larger and more rigorous studies are needed to confirm efficacy.

In summary, the use of L. lactis in colitis is supported by preclinical scientific evidence, with a growing but still preliminary clinical research base. It is not a traditional remedy for colitis. Thus, the evidence rating is moderate (3/5), reflecting promising but not yet definitive support.

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