Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are prebiotic fibers that have been explored for their potential to support colitis, particularly ulcerative colitis, by modulating the gut microbiota. Several preclinical studies and a limited number of human clinical trials have investigated FOS supplementation in colitis models. The theoretical basis for their use is that FOS can promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which may in turn enhance short-chain fatty acid production (notably butyrate), reduce inflammation, and improve intestinal barrier function.

In animal models, FOS supplementation has been shown to alleviate symptoms of experimentally induced colitis, reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, and improve histological features of the colon. Human studies, though limited and generally small in scale, have yielded mixed results. Some randomized controlled trials suggest potential benefit, such as improved clinical scores or reduced inflammation, but others have found no significant effect. The evidence to date does not conclusively establish FOS as an effective treatment for colitis, but it provides a rationale for further research. The current rating reflects the existence of preliminary scientific evidence, albeit insufficient to warrant strong clinical recommendations.

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