Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bioflavonoids, also known as flavonoids, are polyphenolic compounds found in many fruits and vegetables. Their use in colitis, particularly ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel diseases, is based on their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Several preclinical studies in animal models have demonstrated that certain bioflavonoids—such as quercetin, rutin, and hesperidin—can reduce colonic inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage. These effects are attributed to modulation of inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of NF-κB signaling, and free radical scavenging activity.

However, human clinical evidence is limited. A small number of trials have explored the adjunctive use of flavonoid-rich extracts (e.g., from citrus, Ginkgo biloba, or specific flavonoids like quercetin) in patients with ulcerative colitis, with some reporting improvements in disease activity indices and reductions in markers of inflammation. Nonetheless, these studies are generally small, of limited duration, and sometimes lack rigorous controls. Systematic reviews conclude that while there is a plausible biological rationale and encouraging preliminary data, high-quality randomized controlled trials are lacking.

Therefore, the use of bioflavonoids for colitis is supported by some scientific rationale and early evidence, particularly from animal studies, but robust clinical evidence in humans is currently insufficient. The evidence rating is 2, reflecting promising but not yet conclusive support.

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