Tallow, which is rendered fat from cattle or sheep, has a long history of use in traditional medicine and folk remedies, especially in many cultures before the advent of modern pharmaceuticals. Historically, tallow was used externally for chest rubs or balms, often combined with herbs like eucalyptus or menthol, to help relieve symptoms of colds such as congestion. The idea was that the warmth and the addition of aromatic herbs could help open airways and soothe the chest, though the tallow itself served mainly as a carrier for these other ingredients.

There is, however, no robust scientific evidence to support the use of tallow itself for the prevention or treatment of colds. No clinical trials or biomedical studies have demonstrated that tallow has antiviral properties, enhances immune function, or contributes directly to cold prevention. Its use is therefore best understood as part of traditional home remedies, rather than a scientifically validated treatment. Any perceived benefits are likely due to associated practices (like warmth or massage), or the effects of added medicinal herbs, rather than tallow itself.