Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Curcuminoids, particularly curcumin—the main active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa)—have been investigated for their potential hepatoprotective effects, including in the context of liver cirrhosis. Scientific interest is primarily based on curcumin’s anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic properties observed in preclinical studies. Several animal studies have shown that curcumin may reduce liver fibrosis, modulate inflammatory cytokines, and decrease oxidative stress, which are key processes involved in the progression of cirrhosis. For example, curcumin has demonstrated the ability to downregulate pro-fibrogenic pathways such as TGF-β and inhibit hepatic stellate cell activation in rodent models of liver injury.

However, clinical evidence in humans is limited and of low quality. Only a few small-scale pilot studies and randomized controlled trials have examined curcumin supplementation in liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and, rarely, cirrhosis. These trials report modest improvements in liver function tests and inflammatory markers, but significant effects on fibrosis reversal or cirrhosis outcomes have not been conclusively demonstrated. No major clinical guidelines currently recommend curcuminoids as a treatment for cirrhosis. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and some promising preclinical data, the clinical evidence is not strong, and curcuminoids should not be considered a proven therapy for cirrhosis at this time.

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