Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

There is a moderate level of scientific evidence supporting the use of Vitamin D supplementation in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Several observational studies have shown that individuals with COPD often have lower serum levels of Vitamin D compared to healthy controls. Vitamin D is thought to play a role in immune regulation and inflammation, processes that are central to COPD pathophysiology. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have produced mixed results: some have shown that Vitamin D supplementation, particularly in individuals who are deficient, can reduce the rate of moderate or severe COPD exacerbations, while others have not found significant benefits on lung function or symptom control. A 2019 meta-analysis concluded that Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of COPD exacerbations, especially in those with baseline deficiency, but the overall effect size is modest. Current clinical guidelines do not universally recommend Vitamin D for all COPD patients, but suggest considering supplementation in those with documented deficiency. Thus, the use of Vitamin D in COPD is supported by a moderate degree of scientific evidence, mainly for exacerbation reduction in deficient populations, rather than broad improvement in lung function or quality of life.

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