Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a form of vitamin B3 that acts as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme involved in cellular energy metabolism and repair processes. Scientific interest in NR supplementation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) stems from preclinical and early human studies suggesting that NAD+ levels decline with age and chronic disease, potentially contributing to tissue dysfunction and impaired repair mechanisms seen in COPD. Experimental models, particularly in mice, have shown that NR supplementation can boost NAD+ levels, enhance mitochondrial function, and reduce markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in lung tissue exposed to cigarette smoke or other COPD-like insults. Some small-scale pilot studies in humans with COPD or related conditions have reported improvements in certain biomarkers of inflammation and mitochondrial function after NR supplementation, but these studies are limited by short duration, small sample sizes, and lack of robust clinical endpoints such as lung function improvement or symptom relief.

To date, there is no large-scale, high-quality clinical trial evidence demonstrating that NR supplementation significantly affects disease progression or clinical outcomes in COPD patients. As such, while the underlying mechanisms are biologically plausible and preclinical data are encouraging, the overall quality and quantity of evidence supporting the use of NR in COPD is modest. More rigorous clinical research is needed to establish its efficacy and safety for this indication.

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