Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Boerhavia diffusa, commonly known as "Punarnava," has a longstanding place in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda for the treatment of respiratory ailments, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). In Ayurveda, it is classified as a "rasayana" (rejuvenator) and is believed to possess properties that help clear respiratory passages, reduce inflammation, and act as an expectorant. Historical texts describe its use in conditions characterized by breathlessness, cough, and excessive mucus production—symptoms overlapping with those of COPD.

However, the scientific evidence supporting its use specifically for COPD is limited. Some in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that Boerhavia diffusa exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mild bronchodilatory effects, which could theoretically benefit COPD patients. The plant contains bioactive compounds such as punarnavine, boeravinones, and rotenoids, which may underlie these effects. However, there is a lack of well-designed clinical trials in humans directly evaluating its efficacy or safety in COPD.

In summary, the use of Boerhavia diffusa for COPD is primarily based on traditional practices, with theoretical support from some pharmacological studies but insufficient clinical validation. Therefore, its evidence rating for this indication is low.

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