Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Tributyrin, a triglyceride form of butyric acid, has been investigated for its potential to support patients undergoing chemotherapy, primarily due to its role as a source of butyrate. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid with known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer properties. Some preclinical and early clinical studies suggest that tributyrin may protect normal tissues from chemotherapy-induced damage, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. For example, animal studies show that tributyrin supplementation can help maintain intestinal barrier integrity, reduce mucositis, and support faster recovery of healthy gut epithelium following chemotherapeutic injury.

Additionally, butyrate has been shown in laboratory settings to promote apoptosis in cancer cells while supporting the health of non-cancerous cells, which could theoretically reduce certain chemotherapy side effects. However, direct clinical evidence in humans remains limited, with only a few small trials or case reports addressing its use specifically for mitigating chemotherapy side effects. Most available data are extrapolated from preclinical models or indirect evidence regarding the general benefits of butyrate for gut health and inflammation.

In summary, while there is a plausible scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence for tributyrin's supportive role during chemotherapy, robust clinical trials in humans are lacking. Therefore, the level of scientific evidence is modest (rated 2 out of 5), and more research is needed before it can be routinely recommended for this indication.

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