Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Sulforaphane, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, has been studied for its potential to support chemotherapy, primarily by reducing some of its side effects and enhancing its anticancer effects. Current scientific evidence is mostly preclinical (cell and animal studies), with limited human data. Research suggests that sulforaphane may protect normal cells from chemotherapy-induced damage through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, mainly by activating the Nrf2 pathway, which upregulates the expression of cytoprotective proteins. Some studies have demonstrated that sulforaphane can reduce chemotherapy-induced toxicity (such as kidney and heart damage) in animal models, and may also sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, potentially improving efficacy. However, clinical trials in humans are scarce and often small, with inconsistent results regarding actual reduction of side effects or improved outcomes. At present, there is not enough robust clinical evidence to recommend sulforaphane as a standard adjunct to chemotherapy for reducing side effects, but mechanistic and early-phase studies provide a rationale for further investigation. Patients should consult their oncologist before using sulforaphane supplements during chemotherapy, as interactions are possible and evidence in humans remains limited.

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