Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Soy isoflavones have been studied in the context of chemotherapy, particularly for their potential to reduce side effects such as mucositis, myelosuppression, and other toxicities associated with cancer treatments. The scientific justification stems from both in vitro and animal research, as well as some small human trials. Isoflavones, especially genistein and daidzein, are known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Some preclinical studies suggest these compounds may selectively protect normal cells from chemotherapy-induced damage, possibly by modulating oxidative stress and influencing cellular signaling pathways. A few clinical trials have investigated soy isoflavones as adjunct therapy in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. For example, a randomized trial in prostate cancer patients indicated that soy isoflavone supplementation might reduce certain side effects of radiation and chemotherapy, such as diarrhea and urinary symptoms. Other studies in breast cancer patients suggest possible benefits related to quality of life, but results are inconsistent and sample sizes are small. Importantly, there are concerns about the phytoestrogenic activity of isoflavones, particularly in hormone-sensitive cancers, and some oncologists caution against their use without more robust data. Overall, while there is preliminary scientific evidence supporting the use of soy isoflavones for mitigating chemotherapy side effects, it is not yet strong or consistent; larger, well-designed clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings and ensure safety.

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