Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lentinan is a polysaccharide extracted from the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) and has been studied for its potential role as an adjunct therapy in cancer treatment, particularly in conjunction with chemotherapy. Its primary mechanism involves modulation of the immune system, including enhancing the activity of macrophages, T-cells, and natural killer cells. Several clinical studies, particularly from Japan and China, have investigated the impact of lentinan when used alongside standard chemotherapy regimens in cancers such as gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that lentinan can improve overall survival rates, enhance quality of life, and reduce certain chemotherapy-induced side effects such as leukopenia and infections. For example, a Cochrane review and multiple randomized controlled trials report modest but significant benefits in reducing chemotherapy toxicity and supporting immune function. However, while these results are promising, the overall quality of evidence is moderate due to variability in study design, sample size, and reporting standards. Lentinan is approved as an adjuvant cancer therapy in Japan, reflecting its integration into conventional oncology practice there.

In summary, there is scientific evidence supporting the adjunctive use of lentinan with chemotherapy, especially for immune support and reduction of some side effects, but further large-scale and high-quality trials are warranted to confirm its efficacy and safety across broader populations.

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