Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lactoferrin has been investigated for its potential to reduce chemotherapy-induced side effects, particularly oral mucositis, immunosuppression, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Several preclinical and clinical studies suggest that lactoferrin, a glycoprotein found in milk and other secretions, exhibits anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties that may help mitigate some adverse effects of chemotherapy. For example, a 2017 randomized controlled trial (Support Care Cancer) found that lactoferrin supplementation reduced the severity and incidence of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Other studies, including animal models, suggest lactoferrin may support hematopoiesis and protect intestinal mucosa during cytotoxic treatments by modulating cytokine production and enhancing gut barrier function.

However, while preliminary evidence is promising, the number of large, high-quality clinical trials is limited, and findings are not universally consistent. Guidelines have not yet broadly recommended lactoferrin as a standard adjunct for chemotherapy side effects. Its safety profile appears favorable, and its use is sometimes included in supportive care regimens, particularly in Japan and parts of Asia. Overall, lactoferrin's use for this indication is supported by moderate scientific evidence, but further robust research is needed before it can be widely recommended as a standard adjunct to chemotherapy.

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