Black cumin (Nigella sativa), particularly its active compound thymoquinone, has gained attention for its potential role in supporting patients undergoing chemotherapy. Some preclinical studies (in vitro and animal models) suggest that black cumin may help alleviate certain chemotherapy-induced side effects, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and toxicity to organs like the liver and kidneys. These effects are attributed mainly to black cumin’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties.

For example, animal studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone can reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, both common adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs. The proposed mechanisms include suppression of free radical generation, enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulation of inflammatory pathways. Additionally, some laboratory studies suggest that Nigella sativa may sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy agents, potentially allowing for lower doses and reduced side effects.

However, robust clinical evidence in humans is limited. Only a handful of small pilot clinical trials and case reports exist, and while these suggest possible benefit in reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and general toxicity, the data are not strong enough for definitive conclusions. Thus, while the scientific rationale exists and preliminary studies are promising, the overall quality and quantity of evidence supporting black cumin’s use to reduce chemotherapy side effects is still weak, meriting a rating of 2 out of 5.