Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin E, including its gamma-tocopherol form, has been investigated for its potential role in the prevention and management of cataracts, primarily due to its antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress is believed to contribute to the development and progression of cataracts by damaging lens proteins and lipids. Vitamin E, as a fat-soluble antioxidant, may help protect the lens from oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals.

Epidemiological studies have shown mixed results. Some observational studies suggest that higher dietary intake or blood levels of vitamin E are associated with a reduced risk of cataract formation. For example, a meta-analysis published in Public Health Nutrition (2014) found a modest association between higher dietary vitamin E intake and lower cataract risk. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have not consistently demonstrated a significant protective effect. For instance, the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) found no significant benefit of vitamin E supplementation (as alpha-tocopherol) on cataract progression. Studies specifically examining gamma-tocopherol are limited, with most research focusing on alpha-tocopherol.

Overall, while there is some biological plausibility and limited observational evidence supporting a protective role for vitamin E against cataracts, strong clinical trial evidence is lacking, and supplementation is not universally recommended for this purpose. The evidence supporting vitamin E’s use for cataracts is therefore rated as low to moderate.

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