Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants (such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes), have been investigated for their potential role in preventing or managing cataracts. Scientific interest stems from their well-documented antioxidant properties, which may help counteract oxidative stress—a key factor in the development of cataracts. Preclinical studies (in vitro and animal models) have demonstrated that certain polyphenols, such as quercetin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), can inhibit lens opacification, reduce protein aggregation, and enhance antioxidant enzyme activity in the lens. However, clinical evidence in humans remains limited and inconclusive. A few observational studies suggest a correlation between higher dietary intake of polyphenol-rich foods (like fruits and vegetables) and reduced cataract risk, but these associations do not establish causality. There are currently no large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials demonstrating that supplementation with polyphenols directly prevents or treats cataracts in humans. Most available data rely on extrapolation from laboratory research and broader epidemiological patterns. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and promising preclinical evidence supporting the use of polyphenols for cataract prevention, robust clinical validation is lacking. Therefore, the evidence supporting their use for this purpose is currently modest.

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