Evidence supporting the use of: Lutein
For the health condition: Cataracts

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lutein is a carotenoid antioxidant found in high concentrations in the retina and lens of the human eye. Its use for supporting or treating cataracts is primarily justified by scientific research rather than tradition. Cataracts are characterized by the clouding of the eye’s lens, often linked to oxidative damage. Lutein acts as an antioxidant, neutralizing free radicals and potentially protecting lens proteins and lipids from oxidative stress.

Multiple observational studies have found that higher dietary or serum levels of lutein are associated with a decreased risk of cataract formation. For example, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study both found that higher intakes of lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin were linked to a reduced risk of cataract extraction. Additionally, the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) examined supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin and found a modest benefit in reducing the need for cataract surgery in some subgroups. However, randomized controlled trials have produced mixed results, with some showing little to no benefit in slowing cataract progression.

Overall, while there is moderate scientific evidence supporting lutein’s role in slowing cataract development, the effect size appears modest, and supplementation is generally considered more as a preventive strategy rather than a treatment. No major safety concerns have been identified at commonly used doses.

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