Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin K (including both K1 and K2 forms) has garnered scientific interest regarding its potential role in cardiovascular health, primarily due to its involvement in calcium metabolism and vascular health. Vitamin K is essential for the activation of matrix Gla-protein (MGP), a key inhibitor of vascular calcification. Deficiency in vitamin K has been associated with increased arterial stiffness and vascular calcification, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Several observational studies have found inverse associations between dietary intake of vitamin K2 (menaquinone) and the risk of coronary heart disease and vascular calcification. For example, the Rotterdam Study (2004) showed that higher dietary intake of vitamin K2 was linked to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease and severe arterial calcification in older adults. However, vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) intake did not show a significant relationship in this study. Some randomized controlled trials suggest that vitamin K2 supplementation can slow the progression of arterial calcification, especially in populations at high risk, such as patients with chronic kidney disease.

Despite these promising findings, evidence from large, well-controlled clinical trials is still limited, and the effect size appears modest. As such, while there is a scientific rationale and moderate observational evidence supporting a protective role for Vitamin K—particularly K2—in cardiovascular disease, definitive recommendations await further research.

More about Vitamin K (Mixed)
More about Cardiovascular Disease

Other ingredients used for Cardiovascular Disease

Other health conditions supported by Vitamin K (Mixed)

Products containing Vitamin K (Mixed)