Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Trimethylglycine (TMG), also known as betaine, is primarily studied for its role in homocysteine metabolism. Elevated homocysteine levels are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), as they may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis. TMG acts as a methyl donor in the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, which theoretically could lower homocysteine and reduce CVD risk. Several clinical trials have shown that TMG supplementation can indeed lower plasma homocysteine concentrations in humans. However, the translation of lowered homocysteine levels into actual reductions in cardiovascular events (heart attacks, strokes, etc.) remains unclear. Large-scale, randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate that homocysteine-lowering therapies, including those using TMG, significantly reduce the incidence of major cardiovascular events. Some studies even indicate that TMG supplementation may raise LDL cholesterol levels in certain individuals, potentially offsetting any benefit from lowered homocysteine. Overall, the scientific evidence supports TMG's biochemical effect on homocysteine, but there is limited clinical evidence that this effect translates into meaningful reductions in cardiovascular risk. Thus, while TMG is sometimes used with the intent to support cardiovascular health, its actual benefit for preventing or treating cardiovascular disease is not well established at this time.

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