Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major catechin found in green tea and has been investigated for its potential cardiovascular benefits. Several epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that regular consumption of green tea, which is rich in EGCG, may be associated with reduced cardiovascular risk. Proposed mechanisms include antioxidant activity, improvement of endothelial function, reduction of LDL oxidation, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some randomized controlled trials have shown modest reductions in blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and markers of oxidative stress in individuals consuming EGCG or green tea extracts. However, these effects tend to be small and sometimes inconsistent across studies.

Meta-analyses of randomized trials suggest potential but limited benefits for cardiovascular risk factors, such as slight lowering of blood pressure and cholesterol. Notably, most studies use green tea or green tea extracts rather than purified EGCG, making it difficult to attribute effects solely to EGCG. While preclinical studies in animals and cell models provide mechanistic support, clinical evidence in humans is not robust enough to recommend EGCG as a primary or adjunct treatment for cardiovascular disease. The current scientific consensus suggests possible modest benefits, but further large-scale, high-quality trials are needed.

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