Evidence supporting the use of: Capsicum
For the health condition: Cardiovascular Disease

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Capsicum, commonly known as chili pepper, has been traditionally used in various cultures for its purported health benefits, but in recent years, scientific research has begun to investigate its role in cardiovascular health. The primary active component of capsicum is capsaicin, which is responsible for its pungent flavor and several physiological effects. Preclinical studies and some small-scale human trials suggest that capsaicin may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular markers, such as reducing blood cholesterol levels, improving endothelial function, and exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Mechanistically, capsaicin is thought to stimulate thermogenesis, enhance lipid metabolism, and improve vasodilation via increased nitric oxide availability.

Despite these promising findings, the clinical evidence remains limited and mostly preliminary. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses highlight a need for larger, more rigorous randomized controlled trials to confirm the cardiovascular benefits of capsicum in humans. While animal studies and in vitro experiments show potential, translation to meaningful reductions in cardiovascular disease risk or events in humans is not yet firmly established. Therefore, capsicum is currently considered to have some scientific support for cardiovascular health, but the strength of evidence is modest (rated 2/5), and it should not be relied upon as a primary treatment for cardiovascular disease.

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