Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)—leucine, isoleucine, and valine—have been investigated for their supportive role in cancer treatment, primarily to mitigate some side effects, such as cancer-associated muscle wasting (cachexia), liver function deterioration (especially in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma), and overall nutritional decline during therapy. Scientific studies, including randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, suggest that BCAA supplementation may help maintain or improve muscle mass, reduce protein-energy malnutrition, and possibly improve quality of life in cancer patients, particularly those with advanced disease or undergoing aggressive treatments. For example, several studies show that BCAA supplementation in patients with liver cancer can reduce the incidence and severity of hepatic encephalopathy, a common complication. In terms of cachexia, some evidence supports the ability of BCAAs to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and reduce muscle breakdown, although results are mixed and not universally conclusive. The overall effect on survival is less clear, and BCAAs are not a replacement for standard nutritional or medical therapy. Nonetheless, BCAAs are included in some clinical guidelines for supportive care in oncology, especially in patients with specific indications such as hepatic dysfunction. Therefore, the use of BCAAs in cancer treatment is supported by moderate scientific evidence, but more large-scale, high-quality trials are needed to further clarify their efficacy and optimal use.

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