Evidence supporting the use of: Transforming growth factor beta
For the health condition: Broken Bones

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a cytokine with a well-established role in bone biology and healing. Scientific evidence supports its involvement in the repair and regeneration of bone tissue. TGF-β is naturally released at sites of bone injury and is known to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), enhance the production of extracellular matrix, and modulate other signaling pathways involved in bone remodeling.

Preclinical studies in animal models have shown that exogenous application of TGF-β can accelerate fracture healing, increase callus formation, and improve the biomechanical properties of the healed bone. TGF-β is also a component of several bone graft materials and tissue engineering strategies designed to enhance bone regeneration. Some clinical studies and case reports describe the use of TGF-β, often in combination with other growth factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), to treat complex or non-healing fractures. However, its use in routine clinical practice is limited due to potential side effects (such as excessive bone growth or fibrosis), delivery challenges, and cost.

In summary, there is substantial scientific validation for the role of TGF-β in bone healing, particularly from laboratory and animal studies, with some early clinical translation. The evidence is strong but not yet definitive for widespread clinical use, resulting in a rating of 4 out of 5.

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