Ginseng, particularly Panax ginseng and, to a lesser extent, American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), has been studied for its potential to support body building and athletic performance. The use of ginseng in this context is grounded in both traditional medicine—where it was historically used to enhance vitality and stamina—and in modern scientific research, though the evidence is modest. Several clinical trials and systematic reviews have investigated ginseng's effects on physical performance, muscle strength, endurance, and recovery. Some studies suggest that ginseng supplementation may help reduce fatigue, modestly improve physical endurance, and accelerate recovery following exercise, potentially by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. However, results are inconsistent, with other trials finding little or no significant benefit for muscle strength, hypertrophy, or direct anabolic effects relevant to body building.

The mechanisms proposed include ginsenosides' effects on energy metabolism, cortisol reduction, and improved nitric oxide synthesis, which may enhance blood flow. Still, most studies are small, short-term, and vary in ginseng species, preparation, and dosages, limiting generalizability. No major sports medicine organizations endorse ginseng as an ergogenic aid due to inconsistent results and lack of robust, large-scale trials. Therefore, while there is some scientific evidence suggesting possible benefits for physical performance and fatigue relevant to body building, the overall quality and consistency of evidence is low to moderate, justifying a rating of 2 out of 5.