Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Vitamin K, particularly in its menaquinone (K2) and phylloquinone (K1) forms, is scientifically validated for the prevention and treatment of bleeding, especially internal bleeding, due to its essential role in the coagulation cascade. Vitamin K is required for the hepatic synthesis of several key clotting factors, including factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X, as well as proteins C and S. Deficiency of vitamin K leads to impaired clotting and an increased risk of spontaneous bleeding, which can be internal (such as gastrointestinal or intracranial hemorrhage) or external.

Clinical use of vitamin K to treat or prevent bleeding is well established, particularly in newborns (to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn), individuals with malabsorption syndromes, and patients who have overdosed on vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin). Administration of vitamin K rapidly restores normal clotting function in deficient individuals, reducing or stopping bleeding episodes. Multiple clinical guidelines recommend vitamin K for these indications, and its efficacy is supported by numerous studies and decades of clinical practice. Thus, the use of vitamin K for bleeding due to deficiency is justified by robust scientific evidence and is a standard medical practice.

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