Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactobacillus fermentum has some scientific support for its use in supporting bladder health and possibly reducing the risk of bladder infections, also known as urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in women. The rationale is based on the probiotic’s ability to maintain or restore the balance of healthy vaginal and urinary tract microbiota, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, which are the most common cause of UTIs. Several small clinical studies and laboratory investigations have shown that certain strains of L. fermentum can adhere to uroepithelial cells, produce antimicrobial substances (such as hydrogen peroxide and organic acids), and competitively exclude uropathogens.

However, the overall body of evidence is still limited, and most high-quality clinical trials have focused on other Lactobacillus species, such as L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri. A few randomized controlled trials and observational studies have included L. fermentum as part of multi-strain probiotic formulations and reported reduced recurrence of UTIs, but isolating its specific effects remains challenging. Current clinical guidelines do not universally recommend L. fermentum for bladder infection prevention or treatment, but it is sometimes used in adjunctive or preventive probiotic regimens, especially for individuals with recurrent UTIs. Thus, while there is some scientific basis for its use, the strength of evidence is moderate and further research specific to L. fermentum is needed.

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