Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) has been used traditionally for urinary tract infections (UTIs), including bladder infections, and there is some scientific basis for its use. The main active compound in bearberry leaves is arbutin, which is converted in the body to hydroquinone, a substance with antibacterial properties, especially in the alkaline environment of urine. Several laboratory and animal studies have demonstrated that arbutin can inhibit the growth of pathogens commonly responsible for UTIs, such as Escherichia coli. Some small clinical studies have suggested a potential benefit for reducing the recurrence of UTIs in women, particularly when bearberry is used as part of a combination herbal preparation. However, the clinical evidence is limited and not robust. Reviews of available trials highlight methodological weaknesses, small sample sizes, and a lack of large, well-designed randomized controlled trials. Regulatory agencies such as the European Medicines Agency acknowledge its traditional use for mild urinary complaints but emphasize that more research is needed to confirm efficacy and safety. Potential toxic effects of hydroquinone with prolonged use are also a concern. In summary, while there is a plausible scientific mechanism and some supportive evidence from small studies, bearberry’s use for bladder infection is not strongly validated by high-quality clinical trials. Its use should be approached with caution and is best considered as an adjunct to, not a replacement for, conventional therapy.

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