Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B9 (methyltetrahydrofolate)
For the health condition: Birth Defects (prevention)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Vitamin B9, particularly in the form of folic acid or its bioactive derivative methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), is extensively validated by scientific research for the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) such as spina bifida and anencephaly in developing embryos. Numerous large-scale randomized controlled trials and observational studies have demonstrated that adequate periconceptional supplementation with folate significantly reduces the risk of NTDs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and many national health agencies recommend women of childbearing age consume supplemental folic acid or bioavailable forms like 5-MTHF prior to and during early pregnancy.

The biological mechanism is well-delineated: folate is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, which are critical during periods of rapid cell division and growth, such as embryogenesis. Some individuals carry polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene, which can impair the conversion of folic acid to its active form, 5-MTHF. Supplementation with 5-MTHF ensures that even those with reduced enzyme activity receive the necessary biologically active folate.

Mandatory fortification of grain products with folic acid in numerous countries has led to a measurable decline in birth defects associated with folate deficiency. Thus, the use of vitamin B9 (including methyltetrahydrofolate) for birth defect prevention is not only scientifically validated but also a cornerstone of public health policy worldwide.

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