Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo) is used for supporting symptoms of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), with both traditional and scientific rationales. Traditionally, pumpkin seeds have been employed in European phytotherapy for urinary health, particularly in Germany, where they are recognized as a treatment for irritable bladder and BPH-related lower urinary tract symptoms.

Scientific evidence supporting pumpkin seed for BPH is limited but present. Some clinical trials and reviews indicate potential benefits, particularly in alleviating mild to moderate lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. The putative mechanisms include phytosterols and other compounds in pumpkin seed that may inhibit 5-alpha reductase, an enzyme involved in prostate enlargement, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Notably, a few randomized, placebo-controlled trials have found modest improvements in symptom scores and quality of life in men with BPH using pumpkin seed extract or oil. For example, a 2014 study by Friederich et al. showed significant improvement in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) over a 12-month period. However, the improvements are generally small, and some studies have methodological limitations or mixed results. Systematic reviews (e.g., Cochrane reviews) conclude that the evidence quality is low to moderate and further research is needed. Thus, pumpkin seed is scientifically justified as a supportive measure for BPH, but with only modest and not definitive evidence for efficacy.

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