Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound formed during the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, which is found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and Brussels sprouts. Its use in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is based on emerging scientific evidence, rather than tradition or longstanding medical practice.

DIM has been shown in laboratory and animal studies to modulate estrogen metabolism and exert anti-androgenic effects, which can be relevant to prostate health. Specifically, DIM promotes the formation of “good” estrogen metabolites (such as 2-hydroxyestrone) over “bad” metabolites (like 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone), which are thought to have proliferative effects on prostate tissue. Some in vitro and animal studies also suggest that DIM can inhibit the growth of prostate cells and downregulate androgen receptors, both of which could theoretically benefit men with BPH.

However, direct clinical evidence in humans is very limited. A few small pilot studies and case reports have examined DIM supplementation in men, but robust, placebo-controlled clinical trials specifically assessing its efficacy for BPH are lacking. Therefore, while there is a scientific rationale and some preclinical data supporting its use, the current level of evidence is weak (rated 2/5). More rigorous research is needed to determine whether DIM provides meaningful benefits for men with BPH.

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