Growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), are biologically active molecules that play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration. In recent years, scientific interest has grown regarding their use in treating backache, particularly back pain associated with degenerative disc disease or spinal injuries. Several clinical and preclinical studies have investigated the application of growth factors, most commonly via platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, for their potential to enhance healing of intervertebral discs, facet joints, and other spinal structures.

While laboratory and animal studies have demonstrated that growth factors can stimulate cell proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and reduce inflammation within spinal tissues, clinical evidence remains limited and somewhat mixed. Some small-scale randomized controlled trials and case series suggest that PRP (containing various growth factors) may provide modest pain relief and functional improvement in patients with chronic low back pain. However, larger, high-quality studies are lacking, and systematic reviews generally conclude that the evidence is insufficient to make firm recommendations for routine use.

In summary, there is a scientific rationale for using growth factors to treat backache, and early clinical data are promising. However, the overall quality and quantity of evidence are still limited, justifying a modest evidence rating.