Evidence supporting the use of: Transforming growth factor
For the health condition: Autoimmune Disorders

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine with a crucial role in immune regulation, tissue repair, and cellular differentiation. Its immunosuppressive properties have been scientifically studied in the context of autoimmune disorders. TGF-β helps maintain immune tolerance by inhibiting the proliferation and activation of T cells and by promoting the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are essential in preventing autoimmunity. In animal models, overexpression or administration of TGF-β can reduce the severity of diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, direct therapeutic application in humans is more complex. While there is substantial preclinical evidence, clinical use is limited due to challenges such as delivery, potential for fibrosis, and risk of immunosuppression leading to infections or malignancy. Some biologic agents and cell therapies aim to manipulate TGF-β pathways indirectly to harness its tolerogenic effects. For example, expanding or administering TGF-β-induced Tregs is an area of active research. Overall, the justification for using TGF-β in autoimmune disorders is based on scientific validation, with promising but still developing evidence, especially regarding clinical translation.

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