Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Stem cell therapy is supported by a growing body of scientific evidence as a potential treatment for certain autoimmune disorders. Autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and type 1 diabetes, are characterized by the immune system attacking the body’s own tissues. Stem cells, particularly hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been studied for their capacity to reset or modulate the immune system and promote tissue repair. Several clinical trials have demonstrated that autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can induce remission in severe cases of autoimmune diseases like MS and SLE, especially when conventional therapies fail. HSCT works by eradicating the malfunctioning immune cells and regenerating a new immune system from transplanted stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells, which have immunomodulatory properties, are also being investigated in early-phase trials for their ability to reduce inflammation and promote healing. However, while results are promising, stem cell therapy is still considered experimental for most autoimmune conditions, and its use involves significant risks, including infection and treatment-related complications. Current guidelines restrict its use to research settings or severe, refractory cases. Ongoing studies aim to better define which patients benefit most and to optimize treatment protocols. Overall, the scientific basis for stem cell use in autoimmune disorders is strong and actively evolving, but further research is required before it becomes a standard therapy.

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