Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

L-glycine, a non-essential amino acid, has garnered some interest for its potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be relevant for autoimmune disorders. Scientific studies, primarily in animal models and in vitro systems, have demonstrated that glycine can inhibit the activation of inflammatory cells such as macrophages and T cells by acting on glycine-gated chloride channels, leading to reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. Some animal studies have shown that glycine supplementation can ameliorate symptoms in models of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, and multiple sclerosis. Proposed mechanisms include suppression of oxidative stress, inhibition of immune cell migration, and modulation of cytokine release. However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. Only a handful of small-scale clinical studies have assessed glycine supplementation in the context of human inflammatory or autoimmune conditions, and results have been inconclusive or preliminary. While glycine is generally well-tolerated and safe, there is currently insufficient robust clinical data to justify its widespread use as a treatment for autoimmune disorders. Most recommendations are extrapolated from preclinical evidence, and more rigorous, controlled human trials are needed to clarify its efficacy and safety in these contexts. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and some supportive preclinical evidence, the overall quality and quantity of human data warrant a modest evidence rating.

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