Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Immunoglobulin G (IgG), administered as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG), is scientifically validated as a treatment for several autoimmune disorders. The therapeutic use of IVIG began in the 1980s and is now standard of care for conditions such as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), multifocal motor neuropathy, and Kawasaki disease, among others. The evidence base includes numerous randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses demonstrating its efficacy in reducing disease activity, improving clinical outcomes, and modulating immune responses. IVIG works through multiple mechanisms: it can neutralize autoantibodies, modulate Fc receptor function, interfere with complement activation, and suppress pathogenic cytokines. These effects collectively downregulate the abnormal immune activity that characterizes autoimmune diseases. For example, in ITP, IVIG increases platelet counts by blocking Fc receptors in the spleen, thereby reducing platelet destruction. In neurological autoimmune diseases like CIDP and Guillain-Barré syndrome, IVIG has been shown to hasten recovery and reduce disability. Leading medical guidelines, including those from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Society of Hematology, endorse IVIG for specific autoimmune conditions. However, its use is typically reserved for cases refractory to first-line therapies due to high cost and limited supply. Overall, IVIG is a well-established, evidence-based treatment for several autoimmune disorders.

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