Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bifidobacterium species are among the most commonly studied probiotics and have been investigated for their potential role in modulating the immune system, which is relevant to autoimmune disorders. Several preclinical studies and a limited number of small clinical trials suggest that certain strains of Bifidobacterium may help regulate immune responses and reduce inflammation. For example, animal studies have shown that Bifidobacterium can modulate T-cell responses and increase regulatory T cells, which may be beneficial in conditions such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Human studies are more limited and often focus on inflammatory bowel disease, with some showing modest benefits for ulcerative colitis and pouchitis, but evidence in other autoimmune conditions is preliminary or lacking.

Systematic reviews note that while some strains of Bifidobacterium may have immune-modulating effects, the overall quality of evidence is low due to small sample sizes, variability in strains and dosages, and short study durations. There is scientific plausibility for their use based on gut-immune interactions, but robust, large-scale clinical trials are still needed to confirm efficacy and safety in autoimmune disorders. Therefore, while there is early scientific evidence and biological rationale, the supporting evidence is currently limited (rated 2/5) and not sufficient for broad clinical recommendations outside research or adjunctive care.

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