Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

The adrenal cortex is the outer region of the adrenal glands and is responsible for producing corticosteroid hormones, primarily cortisol and aldosterone. In the context of autoimmune disorders, the medical use of adrenal cortex derivatives is well-established and scientifically validated. Synthetic corticosteroids (such as prednisone, hydrocortisone, and dexamethasone) mimic the action of natural adrenal cortex hormones and are widely prescribed to manage inflammation and suppress aberrant immune responses associated with autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The scientific foundation for the use of adrenal cortex hormones in autoimmune disorders dates back to the mid-20th century, when cortisone was first isolated and shown to dramatically reduce symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Since then, corticosteroids have become cornerstone therapies, either as primary treatment or as adjuncts to immunosuppressive regimens. Their efficacy stems from their ability to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibit immune cell proliferation, and reduce tissue damage caused by the immune system. However, it is important to distinguish between pharmaceutical corticosteroids and so-called "adrenal cortex extracts" found in some dietary supplements. While the former are rigorously tested and dosed, the latter lack standardization and clinical evidence for effectiveness. Thus, while the use of adrenal cortex hormones is scientifically validated for autoimmune conditions (evidence rating: 4), only pharmaceutical preparations—not dietary or glandular extracts—are recommended for clinical use.

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