Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) has been studied as a potential treatment to support individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) since the 1960s. Early reports and small studies suggested that some autistic children might benefit from high-dose vitamin B6, often in combination with magnesium. Researchers hypothesized that B6 might address neurotransmitter imbalances, as it is a cofactor in the synthesis of serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). However, most studies have been small, open-label, or lacked rigorous controls. A few double-blind placebo-controlled trials have shown modest improvements in a subset of children, but the majority of research has failed to demonstrate consistent, clinically significant benefits.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses, such as those published by the Cochrane Collaboration and in peer-reviewed journals, generally conclude that the evidence for vitamin B6 (with or without magnesium) is weak and inconsistent. Most professional organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, do not recommend vitamin B6 supplementation as a standard treatment for autism due to insufficient evidence and the possibility of side effects at high doses (such as neuropathy). While some practitioners and parents pursue B6 supplementation, its use is supported more by anecdotal reports than robust clinical evidence. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale for investigating vitamin B6 in ASD, the scientific evidence for its efficacy is limited and does not justify routine use.

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