Evidence supporting the use of: Bifidobacterium longum
For the health condition: Autism

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bifidobacterium longum is a probiotic bacterium that has attracted research interest for its potential role in supporting gut health and, by extension, neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The justification for its use in autism is primarily scientific, although the evidence remains preliminary and limited in scope.

Recent studies have highlighted the "gut-brain axis," a bidirectional communication pathway between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system, as a possible contributor to ASD symptoms. Children with autism frequently exhibit altered gut microbiota and gastrointestinal symptoms. Some small-scale clinical trials and preclinical studies have suggested that probiotics, including Bifidobacterium longum, may help modulate gut flora, reduce inflammation, and potentially improve certain behavioral symptoms associated with ASD.

For example, a 2021 randomized controlled trial found that a multi-strain probiotic containing B. longum improved GI symptoms and some behavioral scores in children with ASD. Animal studies have shown that B. longum can reduce anxiety-like behavior and alter neurotransmitter levels.

However, the overall evidence is rated at 2/5 because the clinical trials are few, often involve small sample sizes, and the mechanisms remain unclear. No major clinical guidelines currently endorse B. longum as a treatment for autism, and more robust, large-scale studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

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