Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Piper nigrum (black pepper) is included in some athletic and exercise aids primarily due to its active alkaloid, piperine, which is believed to enhance the bioavailability of various nutrients and supplements. Piperine inhibits certain enzymes responsible for metabolizing drugs and nutrients, thus potentially increasing the absorption and efficacy of other compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, and some vitamins and minerals. This effect has been demonstrated in several human and animal studies, though most research is focused on nutrient absorption rather than direct effects on athletic performance.

There is limited direct evidence that Piper nigrum or piperine alone improves exercise performance, endurance, or muscle recovery. However, by enhancing the bioavailability of other ergogenic aids or nutrients, it may indirectly support athletic performance. For example, co-administration with curcumin (which is sometimes used for exercise-induced inflammation) has shown increased plasma concentrations of curcumin when piperine is present. No high-quality studies demonstrate that black pepper or piperine alone provides significant ergogenic effects.

In summary, the scientific rationale for Piper nigrum in athletic and exercise aids is based on its role in potentiating the absorption of other substances, rather than a direct effect on exercise outcomes. The evidence supporting its use for this purpose is moderate, primarily for its adjunctive effects, not as a standalone athletic aid.

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