Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Citrate malate, often present as calcium citrate malate or as a mineral salt, is used in some athletic and exercise aids primarily due to its potential effects on energy metabolism and its role in minimizing exercise-induced fatigue. The scientific rationale stems from the involvement of citrate and malate as intermediates in the citric acid (Krebs) cycle, which is central to cellular energy (ATP) production. Some studies, particularly those involving citrulline malate, suggest that supplementation may enhance exercise performance by reducing muscle fatigue and promoting the removal of ammonia and lactic acid during intense physical activity. However, direct studies using citrate malate itself—separate from other related compounds—are limited.

A handful of small, controlled trials have examined malate and citrate salts in the context of improving endurance, reducing perceived exertion, and enhancing recovery, but the findings are mixed and often confounded by the use of combination supplements. There is moderate evidence that malate (mainly as part of citrulline malate) can support performance in high-intensity and endurance exercises. The evidence specifically for citrate malate is less robust, warranting a mid-level evidence rating. In summary, while there is a plausible biochemical mechanism and some supportive clinical evidence, the direct scientific validation for citrate malate as an athletic or exercise aid remains moderate and not as firmly established as with other ergogenic aids.

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