Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin E, including forms such as alpha-tocomonoenol, is a fat-soluble antioxidant that has been investigated for its potential role in the prevention and management of arteriosclerosis (the thickening and hardening of arterial walls). The scientific rationale is based on vitamin E's ability to inhibit the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a process implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a major component of arteriosclerosis. Some early epidemiological studies and animal experiments suggested that higher vitamin E intake might correlate with reduced cardiovascular risk. However, large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in humans, including studies such as the HOPE and GISSI-Prevenzione trials, have generally failed to demonstrate a clear benefit of vitamin E supplementation in reducing cardiovascular events or progression of arteriosclerosis. Meta-analyses of these RCTs typically conclude that vitamin E supplementation does not significantly reduce the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes and may, at high doses, even be associated with harm. While the antioxidant mechanism is biologically plausible, the clinical evidence for vitamin E—specifically in the form of alpha-tocomonoenol, which is less studied than alpha-tocopherol—remains weak. Therefore, while the use of vitamin E for arteriosclerosis is scientifically motivated, the overall evidence supporting its efficacy is limited, justifying a low rating on the evidence scale.

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