Garlic (Allium sativum) has a long history of traditional use in cardiovascular health, but its use in arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) is also supported by some scientific evidence. Multiple clinical trials and meta-analyses have investigated garlic’s effects on cardiovascular risk factors, particularly lipid levels, blood pressure, and markers of arterial health. Several studies indicate that garlic supplementation can modestly reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, both of which are associated with the progression of arteriosclerosis. Additionally, some research suggests garlic may have antiplatelet and vasodilatory effects, potentially contributing to improved arterial function.

For example, a 2016 meta-analysis (J Nutr. 2016;146(2):389S-396S) concluded that garlic preparations are associated with reductions in total cholesterol by about 10-15 mg/dL in hypercholesterolemic patients. Another review (Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(6):5447-5452) found evidence for modest blood pressure-lowering effects. Some animal and in vitro studies have also indicated that garlic may inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, although clinical evidence in humans is less robust for direct plaque regression.

Overall, while garlic is not a replacement for established medical therapies, there is moderate scientific evidence (rated 3/5) supporting its adjunctive use in managing risk factors associated with arteriosclerosis. It is best used as part of a broader cardiovascular risk reduction strategy.