Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Carotenoids, a class of pigments found in many fruits and vegetables (such as beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin), have been studied for their potential cardiovascular benefits, including their role in arteriosclerosis (the thickening and hardening of arterial walls). The scientific rationale for their use is primarily based on their antioxidant properties, as oxidative stress is a known contributor to atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis. Some observational studies have associated higher dietary intake or blood levels of carotenoids with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and improved arterial health. For example, lycopene intake has been linked in some studies to lower carotid artery intima-media thickness, a marker of arteriosclerosis.

However, the evidence supporting carotenoids as a treatment or preventive for arteriosclerosis is mixed and generally not strong. Large randomized controlled trials of carotenoid supplements (such as beta-carotene) have not consistently shown benefit and, in some cases, have suggested potential harm in certain populations (e.g., smokers). Current guidelines do not recommend carotenoid supplementation specifically for arteriosclerosis, and most benefits are thought to arise from overall dietary patterns rich in fruits and vegetables rather than isolated carotenoid intake. Thus, while there is some scientific basis for their role in vascular health, the evidence is limited and does not strongly support their use as a treatment for arteriosclerosis.

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