Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Saccharomyces, specifically Saccharomyces boulardii, is supported by scientific evidence for its use in preventing and treating antibiotic-associated side effects, particularly diarrhea. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that S. boulardii supplementation can significantly reduce the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in both adults and children. The proposed mechanisms include restoration of gut microbiota balance, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, and modulation of immune responses. Additionally, S. boulardii has shown efficacy in preventing recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection, a serious complication related to antibiotic use.

Guidelines from reputable bodies, such as the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN), recommend the use of specific probiotics, including S. boulardii, for the prevention of AAD. However, the strength of recommendations varies, and some caution is warranted in immunocompromised individuals due to rare cases of fungemia. Overall, the scientific consensus supports the use of S. boulardii as an adjunct to antibiotics for reducing side effects like diarrhea, with evidence levels considered moderate to high (rated 4/5 here), primarily based on consistent findings in systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

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