Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Flavonoids are a diverse group of plant polyphenols widely studied for their antimicrobial properties. Scientific research has demonstrated that certain flavonoids possess direct antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities. These compounds can disrupt microbial cell walls, interfere with nucleic acid synthesis, and inhibit critical enzymes necessary for pathogenic survival. Additionally, flavonoids have been shown to modulate bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm formation, mechanisms that often contribute to antibiotic resistance. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that flavonoids can either enhance the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics (acting synergistically) or serve as alternatives in specific cases. However, most of the evidence comes from laboratory research, with relatively few well-controlled human clinical trials.

Despite promising laboratory data, the use of flavonoids as standalone alternatives to antibiotics in clinical practice is not established. They are sometimes considered as adjuncts to antibiotics to boost efficacy or reduce resistance. Flavonoid-rich extracts from plants like green tea, citrus, and propolis have shown activity against a range of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, more rigorous human trials are needed to determine optimal dosing, safety, and efficacy before flavonoids can be routinely recommended as alternatives to antibiotics.

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