The use of "Pungent Principles" (referring to the pungent, spicy, or aromatic compounds found in certain herbs and spices such as ginger, black pepper, and mustard) to support or treat anorexia is primarily justified by traditional medicine systems, most notably Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In these systems, pungent substances are believed to stimulate the digestive fire (Agni in Ayurveda), enhance appetite, and promote the flow of digestive juices. Classic Ayurvedic texts recommend spices like ginger and black pepper for individuals with poor appetite, and similar recommendations are found in TCM, where pungent herbs are used to "invigorate the spleen and stomach" and address lack of hunger.

However, scientific evidence supporting the use of pungent principles for the treatment of anorexia (loss of appetite) is limited and mostly indirect. Some clinical and preclinical studies suggest that certain pungent compounds (like gingerol in ginger or piperine in black pepper) may enhance gastric motility and increase salivation or digestive secretions, which could in theory help stimulate appetite. Yet, robust clinical trials specifically assessing their efficacy in anorexia are lacking. The traditional use is widespread and longstanding, but the evidence from rigorous modern research is weak and mostly anecdotal or based on small studies.